{"id":7126,"date":"2019-07-01T15:32:53","date_gmt":"2019-07-01T15:32:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/?page_id=7126"},"modified":"2020-08-18T10:06:27","modified_gmt":"2020-08-18T10:06:27","slug":"zonas-sem-carros","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/ferramentas\/measures-selection\/zonas-sem-carros\/","title":{"rendered":"Car free Zones"},"content":{"rendered":"<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-55620 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Sem-carros_Complementar_Eng-300x57.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"57\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Sem-carros_Complementar_Eng-300x57.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Sem-carros_Complementar_Eng.png 358w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><div class=\" tabs-l1avfm tab-normal  magee-shortcode magee-tab-box\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-example-id=\"togglable-tabs\" id=\"\">\r\n               <ul id=\"\" class=\" nav nav-tabs \" role=\"tablist\"> <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"active\"><a href=\"#tab-rxhwfi\" id=\"tab-rxhwfi-tab\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-rxhwfi\" aria-expanded=\"true\"><h4 class=\"tab-title  \"> <i class=\"fa \"><\/i>Summary<\/h4><\/a><\/li> <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"\"><a href=\"#tab-b049ix\" id=\"tab-b049ix-tab\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-b049ix\" aria-expanded=\" false\"><h4 class=\"tab-title  \"> <i class=\"fa \"><\/i>Description<\/h4><\/a><\/li> <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"\"><a href=\"#tab-52bfxx\" id=\"tab-52bfxx-tab\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-52bfxx\" aria-expanded=\" false\"><h4 class=\"tab-title  \"> <i class=\"fa \"><\/i>Low-Cost Measures<\/h4><\/a><\/li> <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"\"><a href=\"#tab-o7c6nx\" id=\"tab-o7c6nx-tab\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-o7c6nx\" aria-expanded=\" false\"><h4 class=\"tab-title  \"> <i class=\"fa \"><\/i>Assessment<\/h4><\/a><\/li> <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"\"><a href=\"#tab-35eih9\" id=\"tab-35eih9-tab\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-35eih9\" aria-expanded=\" false\"><h4 class=\"tab-title  \"> <i class=\"fa \"><\/i>Evidence<\/h4><\/a><\/li> <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"\"><a href=\"#tab-ypvma0\" id=\"tab-ypvma0-tab\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-ypvma0\" aria-expanded=\" false\"><h4 class=\"tab-title  \"> <i class=\"fa \"><\/i>References<\/h4><\/a><\/li>\r\n               <\/ul><div id=\"\" class=\"tab-content \"><div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane fade active in\" id=\"tab-rxhwfi\"><p>\n<p><strong>1. Presentation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Planning of <strong>specific areas exempt from cars<\/strong> by prohibiting access, closing roads or relocating space for cyclists and pedestrians. This measure works by itself to completely remove the car. In contrast, the Limited car access zones measure seeks to reduce traffic and, despite being the most effective, it only works if associated with other measures of the same type.<\/p>\n<p>The Car free zones measure applies to cases where the active modes&#8217; need for space is too high, making it impossible to share the space with motorized modes (as is the case of shopping streets). This measure can also be extended to larger areas.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Blocking road traffic in certain areas, contributing to the reduction of air pollution;<\/li>\n<li>Developing or converting existing road lanes into pedestrian, cycle and public transport routes;<\/li>\n<li>Revitalizing central areas, create livable streets;<\/li>\n<li>Encouraging more people to cycle.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Measure\u2019s Importance<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Restricting car use coupled with the creation of favourable conditions for soft mobility provide comfort and safety for the cycling, and helps to create an efficient and attractive environment for other active modes of transport. These measures contribute to make more pleasant streets and less dominated by motorized transport.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"1965 Car-free street experiment in Utrecht (Netherlands)\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/4S44ypkneFQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane fade \" id=\"tab-b049ix\"><p>\n<p><strong>1. Good Practices<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; This measure should be applied when the active modes&#8217; need for space is too high for sharing it with motorized modes (such as shopping streets) and can be extended to larger areas depending on the city agenda.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Design the intervention taking into account that the streets are used for various purposes, namely, traveling, walking, socializing, businesses and living since streets are the entrance spaces for dwellings.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Facilitate pedestrian and cycling connectivity by creating passages whenever possible.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Create comfortable pedestrian and cycle paths and intersections (See <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/rede\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u>Cycling Network<\/u><\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/cruzamentos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u>Safe and efficient intersections<\/u>).<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Create narrow roads and compact intersections to reduce pedestrian and bicycles crossing space.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Maximize pedestrian and cycling accessibility (See <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/restricoes-dispersao\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u>Urban sprawl restriction and rectification<\/u><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/aproximar-escolas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u>Connecting people and schools<\/u><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/aproximar-transporte-publico\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u>Connecting people and public transport<\/u><\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Make sure that cycling facilities and easy access to public transport exist before discouraging the car.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; New interventions should receive extra signalling to alert new conditions. After a few years, the extra signs may be removed.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Explain the principles behind the measures to make it clear its importance and impacts (See <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/informacao\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u>Information<\/u><\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Monitor and reframe measures to meet user needs without compromising sustainable ideals (See <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/gestao-monitorizacao\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u>Management, Monitoring and Maintenance<\/u><\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Actions<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-83\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-83\">\n<tbody class=\"row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Zonas-sem-carros-1-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-8634\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Zonas-sem-carros-1-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Zonas-sem-carros-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Zonas-sem-carros-1-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Zonas-sem-carros-1-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Zonas-sem-carros-1-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Zonas-sem-carros-1-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Zonas-sem-carros-1-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Zonas-sem-carros-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Zonas-sem-carros-1.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Car-free zones<\/strong><br \/>\nZones (residential neighbourhoods or commercial streets) where the private car is unnecessary, discouraged and restricted. These restrictions are permanent, but may include exceptions for delivery vehicles, taxis and vehicles for people with disabilities. These areas require a pedestrian and cycling-specific urban design and easy access to public transport.<br \/>\n<br \/>\n<em>Note<\/em>: When applied to a small area it usually has modest impacts.<br \/>\nIt can move traffic to other parts of the city, unless implemented with other disincentives to driving and improvements to pedestrians, bicycles and public transport.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-83 from cache -->\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane fade \" id=\"tab-52bfxx\"><p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-9364 alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M30_Open-Streets-704-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M30_Open-Streets-704-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M30_Open-Streets-704-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M30_Open-Streets-704-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M30_Open-Streets-704.png 1063w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The <strong>Open Streets 704<\/strong> project temporarily closes streets to motorized traffic in Charlotte (USA), with a set of activities along the routes only accessible on foot or by bike. The initiative has the financial support of several companies and organizations. These <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/ruas-temporarias\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">temporary\u00a0initiatives<\/a> are a low-cost measure for testing more definitive solutions and assessing public acceptance, while showing that change is possible without infrastructure intervention.<\/p>\n<p>Learn more: <a href=\"http:\/\/openstreets704.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/openstreets704.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-9100 alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M30_-GroenLinks-1024x573.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M30_-GroenLinks-1024x573.png 1024w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M30_-GroenLinks-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M30_-GroenLinks-768x430.png 768w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M30_-GroenLinks.png 1063w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u201c<strong>Light Leefstraat<\/strong>\u201d (live the street) movement in Haarlem (Netherlands) was carried out quickly and at low cost thanks to the initiative of the residents. The movement also launched a motion for residents of other streets to register and organize a \u201cliving street\u201d together.<\/p>\n<p>Learn more: <a href=\"https:\/\/haarlem.groenlinks.nl\/nieuws\/motie-leefstraat-dankzij-bewonersinitiatief-supersnel-uitgevoerd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/haarlem.groenlinks.nl\/nieuws\/motie-leefstraat-dankzij-bewonersinitiatief-supersnel-uitgevoerd<\/a> (in Dutch).<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane fade \" id=\"tab-o7c6nx\"><p>\n<p><strong>1. Impacts<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-319\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-319\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_P-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14882\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Mobility system efficiency<\/strong><br \/>\nEliminates congestion and reduces conflicts between different means of transport. The of impact varies by implementation area, smaller areas may create congestion at the borders.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14888\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Livable streets<\/strong><br \/>\nThe car-free spaces are designed to prioritize pedestrians and cyclists, creating more livable streets.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14887\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Protection of the environment<\/strong><br \/>\nIt eliminates air and noise pollution in car-free zones and the emissions that would be created by the residents when they would travel outside these zones.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Equidade_P-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14885\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Inclusion, equity and accessibility<\/strong><br \/>\nWith exemptions for vehicles for people with reduced mobility and access to public transport, then inequalities created by the private car would be reduced.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14891\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Safety and comfort<\/strong><br \/>\nEliminating the car reduces accidents and promoting the use of public space creates there is more surveillance.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14911\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Economic value<\/strong><br \/>\nStreet businesses have more exposure due to the greater presence of cyclists and pedestrians.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-7\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_N-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14884\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Awareness and acceptability<\/strong><br \/>\nThe population of these areas needs to be adequately informed of the benefits and alternative mobility created by the intervention. A phased approach is suggested, starting with temporary restrictions (temporary cycling streets) and smaller (parking and car restrictions) restrictions.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-319 from cache -->\n<p><strong>Legend:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-96\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-96\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15038\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Very positive<\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15040\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Positive<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15041\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-6\">Neutral<\/td><td class=\"column-7\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15043\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-8\">Negative<\/td><td class=\"column-9\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15044\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-10\">Very negative<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-96 from cache -->\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Barriers<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-322\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-322\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Legais_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15089\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Legal<\/strong><br \/>\nNo barriers.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Financeiras_Ng-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15091\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Finance<\/strong><br \/>\nInfrastructure reconfiguration can be expensive. However it should be noted that there are low cost temporary solutions that allow to try the projects before implementing definitive solutions.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Governa\u00e7\u00e3o_BM-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15094\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Governance<\/strong><br \/>\nThe implementation process may involve public authorities, companies, and other interest groups.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Pol\u00edticas_Ng-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15095\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Political acceptability<\/strong><br \/>\nPoliticians tend to be reluctant to reduce the space dedicated to cars.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/P\u00fablicas_BM-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15097\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Public acceptability<\/strong><br \/>\nRestrictions on car traffic can lead to protests from motorists. However, pedestrians, cyclists and public transport users tend to be supportive.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Viabilidade-t\u00e9cnica_MP.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15184\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Viabilidade-t\u00e9cnica_MP.png 591w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Viabilidade-t\u00e9cnica_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Viabilidade-t\u00e9cnica_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Viabilidade-t\u00e9cnica_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Viabilidade-t\u00e9cnica_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Viabilidade-t\u00e9cnica_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Viabilidade-t\u00e9cnica_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Viabilidade-t\u00e9cnica_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Viabilidade-t\u00e9cnica_MP-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Technical feasibility<\/strong><br \/>\nNo barriers.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-322 from cache -->\n<p><strong>Legend:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-95\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-95\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15038\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">No barrier<\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15065\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Minimum barrier<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15043\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-6\">Moderate barrier<\/td><td class=\"column-7\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15044\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-8\">Significant barrier<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-95 from cache -->\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Budget<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It requires the purchase of services to draw a mobility plan for the area and surrounding.<\/p>\n<p>It is also necessary to hire a team with the necessary knowledge to redesign the public space. The costs of applying the new design vary depending on the level of difficulty and the materials used.<\/p>\n<p>There are low cost temporary solutions that allow to try the project before implementing definitive solutions.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane fade \" id=\"tab-35eih9\"><p>\n<p><strong>Case study 1:<\/strong> <strong>Car-free city centre in Oslo (Norway)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Oslo: The Journey to Car-free\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/212846367?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Oslo is one of the fastest growing cities in Europe, thanks to rising birth rates, life expectancy and immigration. This growth is accompanied by the vision of giving people the possibility of living in the city centre, with quality of life and without having to have a private car. It was the first city to declare the objective to completely ban the car from the city centre by 2019 through a strategy focused on pedestrians, cycling and public transportation. The film above dates from 2017, but in 2019 the municipality reached the goal of a car free city centre. The municipality&#8217;s efforts have been recognized by achieving the 7th place in the 2019 Copenhagenize ranking of the world&#8217;s most bicycle-friendly cities, and it is also an example for cities that consider to have no conditions to promote cycling due to orography or weather<\/p>\n<p>Learn more: <a href=\"https:\/\/copenhagenizeindex.eu\/cities\/oslo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">copenhagenizeindex.eu\/cities\/oslo<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>Impact:<\/em><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-320\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-320\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14882\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Mobility system efficiency<\/strong><br \/>\nThe city centre mobility system has become fully efficient through the integration of pedestrian, cycling and public transport.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14888\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Livable streets<\/strong><br \/>\nThe quality of life in the city centre has increased exponentially, giving the city centre new life.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14887\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Protection of the environment<\/strong><br \/>\nThe measure contributes to the widespread improvement of air quality in the city centre and also helps on the fight against climate change.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Equidade_P-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14885\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Inclusion, equity and accessibility<\/strong><br \/>\nThe measure includes financial incentives for the purchase of bicycles and cargo bikes, as well as a winter-equipped bike share system.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14891\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Safety and comfort<\/strong><br \/>\nRemoving cars from the city centre has created the safety and comfort conditions necessary for pedestrian and cycling.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14911\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Economic value<\/strong><br \/>\nDespite initial concerns from the local businesses, removing the cars has made the city centre one of the most attractive areas of the city, with positive impacts on the local economy.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-7\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14884\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Awareness and acceptability<\/strong><br \/>\nChanging habits on a car-designed city faces resistance, but the measures implemented were instrumental in raising awareness and providing the necessary conditions for car-free living.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-320 from cache -->\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Case study 2:<\/strong> <strong>Vauban, Freiburg (Germany)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-8698 alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M30_Vauban-1024x575.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"421\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M30_Vauban-1024x575.png 1024w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M30_Vauban-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M30_Vauban-768x431.png 768w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M30_Vauban.png 1063w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>This neighbourhood, developed in former military base, was designed with an idea of reducing the ecological footprint. In addition to sustainable housing design, mobility is based on active means of transport. The neighbourhood was designed to make schools, tram stops and businesses accessible be walking. In addition, the cycling infrastructure is a well-connected and efficient network, promoting bicycle use over other transports. Although there is a community car parking on the border of the neighbourhood, in 2014 about 70% of residents lived without a car.<\/p>\n<p><em>Impact:<\/em><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-321\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-321\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14882\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Mobility system efficiency<\/strong><br \/>\nPlanning for sustainable modes has avoided conflicts between different methods, allowing for high efficiency of the alternative modes of transport.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14888\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Livable streets<\/strong><br \/>\nBy promoting pedestrian and cycling access, the streets have become more attractive and livable.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14887\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Protection of the environment<\/strong><br \/>\nThe construction of both houses and transport sustainable infrastructure has reduced the neighbourhood\u2019s ecological footprint.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Equidade_N-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14885\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Inclusion, equity and accessibility<\/strong><br \/>\nNo data.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_P-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14891\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Safety and comfort<\/strong><br \/>\nRemoving the cars eliminates the probability of serious accidents. In addition, by creating the conditions for space to be used by pedestrian and bicycles, there is more street surveillance.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_N-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14911\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Economic value<\/strong><br \/>\nNo data.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-7\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_N-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14884\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Awareness and acceptability<\/strong><br \/>\nSince the neighbourhood was created almost from scratch, most of the people chose to live here, revealing a predisposition to more sustainable living habits.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-321 from cache -->\n<p><strong>Legend:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-96-no-2\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-96\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15038\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Very positive<\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15040\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Positive<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15041\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-6\">Neutral<\/td><td class=\"column-7\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15043\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-8\">Negative<\/td><td class=\"column-9\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15044\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-10\">Very negative<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-96-no-2 from cache -->\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane fade \" id=\"tab-ypvma0\"><p>\n<p>KonSULT. Knowledgebase on Sustainable Urban Land use and Transport. (2014). Physical Restrictions. Accessed 18 June 2019. Available at: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.konsult.leeds.ac.uk\/pg\/12\/#a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.konsult.leeds.ac.uk\/pg\/12\/#a<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Thorpe, D. (2014) The World&#8217;s Most Successful Model for Sustainable Urban Development? Smart Cities Dive. Accessed 18 June 2019. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smartcitiesdive.com\/ex\/sustainablecitiescollective\/words-most-successful-model-sustainable-urban-development\/229316\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.smartcitiesdive.com\/ex\/sustainablecitiescollective\/words-most-successful-model-sustainable-urban-development\/229316\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>VTPI. Victoria Transport Policy Institute (2018). Car-Free Planning. Online Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Encyclopedia. Accessed 18 June 2019. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtpi.org\/tdm\/tdm6.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.vtpi.org\/tdm\/tdm6.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div> <\/div><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/\">\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 &nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":415,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"pgc_sgb_lightbox_settings":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7126","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7126"}],"version-history":[{"count":47,"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7126\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55622,"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7126\/revisions\/55622"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/415"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}