{"id":7288,"date":"2019-07-02T07:54:44","date_gmt":"2019-07-02T07:54:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/?page_id=7288"},"modified":"2020-08-18T10:05:19","modified_gmt":"2020-08-18T10:05:19","slug":"velocidade-limitada","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/ferramentas\/measures-selection\/velocidade-limitada\/","title":{"rendered":"Limited speed zones (traffic calming)"},"content":{"rendered":"<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-55616 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Velocidade_Complementar_Eng-300x57.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"57\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Velocidade_Complementar_Eng-300x57.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Velocidade_Complementar_Eng.png 358w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><div class=\" tabs-mg6r83 tab-normal  magee-shortcode magee-tab-box\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-example-id=\"togglable-tabs\" id=\"\">\r\n               <ul id=\"\" class=\" nav nav-tabs \" role=\"tablist\"> <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"active\"><a href=\"#tab-12h71n\" id=\"tab-12h71n-tab\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-12h71n\" aria-expanded=\"true\"><h4 class=\"tab-title  \"> <i class=\"fa \"><\/i>Summary<\/h4><\/a><\/li> <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"\"><a href=\"#tab-kunqkz\" id=\"tab-kunqkz-tab\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-kunqkz\" aria-expanded=\" false\"><h4 class=\"tab-title  \"> <i class=\"fa \"><\/i>Description<\/h4><\/a><\/li> <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"\"><a href=\"#tab-5k0pks\" id=\"tab-5k0pks-tab\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-5k0pks\" aria-expanded=\" false\"><h4 class=\"tab-title  \"> <i class=\"fa \"><\/i>Low-Cost Measures<\/h4><\/a><\/li> <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"\"><a href=\"#tab-bgj5jq\" id=\"tab-bgj5jq-tab\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-bgj5jq\" aria-expanded=\" false\"><h4 class=\"tab-title  \"> <i class=\"fa \"><\/i>Assessment<\/h4><\/a><\/li> <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"\"><a href=\"#tab-lrb2dq\" id=\"tab-lrb2dq-tab\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-lrb2dq\" aria-expanded=\" false\"><h4 class=\"tab-title  \"> <i class=\"fa \"><\/i>Evidence<\/h4><\/a><\/li> <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"\"><a href=\"#tab-oe1pzp\" id=\"tab-oe1pzp-tab\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-oe1pzp\" aria-expanded=\" false\"><h4 class=\"tab-title  \"> <i class=\"fa \"><\/i>References<\/h4><\/a><\/li>\r\n               <\/ul><div id=\"\" class=\"tab-content \"><div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane fade active in\" id=\"tab-12h71n\"><p>\n<p><strong>1. Presentation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This measure entails the implementation of <strong>limited speed zones<\/strong> (20 to 30 km\/hour) and the logistic\/supervision system required to enforce them. It creates privileged zones, where the road space is shared between cars and bicycles, by reducing the speed to levels compatible with the bicycle. In this manner, the so called \u201cinvisible\u201d, and therefore less expensive, cycling infrastructure is expanded.<\/p>\n<p>(See also other traffic calming measures: <u><a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/deflexoes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Horizontal and vertical road deflections<\/a><\/u>; <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/reducao-largura\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u>Road narrowing<\/u><\/a>; <u><a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/restricao-conectividade\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Car connectivity restrictions<\/a><\/u>; <u><a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/acesso-limitado\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Limited car access areas<\/a><\/u>; <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/zonas-sem-carros\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u>Car free zones<\/u><\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reducing vehicular speed;<\/li>\n<li>Reducing the number and gravity of accidents;<\/li>\n<li>Reducing air and noise pollution;<\/li>\n<li>Eliminating\/reducing local traffic created by drive-through vehicles;<\/li>\n<li>Controlling the volumes of motorized traffic in certain sections or critical areas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Measure\u00b4s Importance<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The creation of limited speed zones is fundamental to promote behaviour compatibility between the different means of transportation (motorized and non-motorized), thus assuring the best possible co-existence in the same space. It is a relatively effective way to adapt the physical context to the user\u2019s actual needs, thus promoting bicycle use.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Auckand Transport&#039;s Safe Speed programme\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/m2DI722lvmo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane fade \" id=\"tab-kunqkz\"><p>\n<p><strong>1. Good Practices<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; The implementation of limited speed zones should be included in a comprehensive programme that includes traffic calming measures, speed limits reduction, driver\u2019s education and enforcement measures.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Complement with different types of traffic calming measures and different actions inside each measure (See <u><a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/deflexoes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Horizontal and vertical road deflections<\/a><\/u>; <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/reducao-largura\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u>Road narrowing<\/u><\/a>; <u><a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/restricao-conectividade\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Car connectivity restrictions<\/a><\/u>; <u><a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/acesso-limitado\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Limited car access areas<\/a><\/u>; <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/zonas-sem-carros\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u>Car free zones<\/u><\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0The planning of this interventions should include the adequate participation and involvement of the users.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0Account for the different street uses, including drive-by trips, recreational trips, socializing, trading and proximity services. These activities should be considered and balanced in the design of the intervention areas.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0The intervention should respond to multiple objectives, including the improvement of public space, the creation of better pedestrian and cycling conditions and traffic speed control.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0The new information and control devices should be adequately implemented, to alert to the new conditions and indicate the new routes and rules vehicles must abide by.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0Monitor the citizen adaptation to the alterations and continuously reformulate the measure in order for them to answer the citizen\u2019s needs, without compromising the sustainable ideals (See <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/gestao-monitorizacao\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u>Management, monitoring and maintenance<\/u><\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0Clarify the principles behind the implemented measures in order to comprehensively justify their need and functioning (See <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/informacao\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u>Information<\/u><\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Actions<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-58\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-58\">\n<tbody class=\"row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Zonas-30-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-7773\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>30 Zones<\/strong><br \/>\nThe concept of 30 Zones is structured around the reduction of motorized traffic volumes and the improvement of the safety conditions for pedestrian and cyclists trips through the imposition of a low speed limit and urban design measures.<br \/>\nThe 30 km\/h speed limit aims to progressively alter the driver\u2019s behaviours, fostering a safer, quieter and less polluting circulation; and allowing a more equitable use of public space. This solution is indicated in local access streets, located in residential, central or suburban areas, where streets clearly perform an accessibility function.<br \/>\nThe legal speed alteration must imperatively be accompanied by physical traffic calming measures (See <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/deflexoes\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Horizontal and vertical road deflections<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/reducao-largura\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Road narrowing<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/restricoes-dispersao\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Car connectivity restrictions<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/acesso-limitado\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Limited car access areas<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/zonas-sem-carros\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Car free zones<\/a>) and\/or permanent enforcement measures to ensure the desired effect.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Zonas20-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-8388\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>20 Zones<\/strong><br \/>\nEm determinadas \u00e1reas, \u00e9 recomend\u00e1vel a limita\u00e7\u00e3o da velocidade a 20 km\/h, <br \/>\nIn determinate areas, it\u2019s advisable to limit the speed to 20 km\/h, namely around schools. In these situations, the pedestrians, cyclists and other non-motorized means of transportation have priority and can cross the streets where they see fit. Some European countries designate these areas as \u201c<strong>meeting zones<\/strong>\u201d.<br \/>\nLearn more: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mobilservice.ch\/admin\/data\/files\/news_section_file\/file\/3731\/bfu-2013_fachbroschuere-begegnungszonen_fr.pdf?lm=1456248257\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">www.mobilservice.ch\/admin\/data\/files\/news_section_file\/file\/3731\/bfu-2013_fachbroschuere-begegnungszonen_fr.pdf?lm=1456248257<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-58 from cache -->\n<p>The implementation of 20 Zones or 30 Zones can be reinforced through speed control measures (such as speed control traffic signals and radars), permanent enforcement measures and complementary traffic calming measures (See <u><a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/deflexoes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Horizontal and vertical road deflections<\/a><\/u>; <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/reducao-largura\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u>Road narrowing<\/u><\/a>; <u><a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/restricao-conectividade\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Car connectivity restrictions<\/a><\/u>; <u><a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/acesso-limitado\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Limited car access areas<\/a><\/u>; <a href=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/roadmap\/measures-selection\/zonas-sem-carros\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><u>Car free zones<\/u><\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane fade \" id=\"tab-5k0pks\"><p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-8811 alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M29_Medidas-baixo-custo-1024x575.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"421\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M29_Medidas-baixo-custo-1024x575.png 1024w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M29_Medidas-baixo-custo-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M29_Medidas-baixo-custo-768x431.png 768w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M29_Medidas-baixo-custo.png 1063w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In Portland, Seattle, certain neighborhoods are introducing pavement paintings in order to influence the drive to reduce his speed. These painting are used mainly in intersections, to alert the drivers to slow down. In this specific case, in Wallingford, an artist was hired to create the original drawing, but it was the neighborhood that organized itself in order to raise the budget and the permits needed. The neighborhood was also in charge of painting the original intervention and arranging for its maintenance. Overall, the project cost 1 200,00$ and was paid for in part by a city fund.<\/p>\n<p>Learn more: <a href=\"https:\/\/cityrepair.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/cityrepair.org\/<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane fade \" id=\"tab-bgj5jq\"><p>\n<p><strong>1. Impacts<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-144\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-144\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_P-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14882\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Mobility system efficiency<\/strong><br \/>\nBy discouraging car use, it reduces traffic congestion and facilitates walking and cycling. However, by reducing speed traffic, it can generate some congestion points.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14888\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Livable streets<\/strong><br \/>\nFocusing in active means of transportation favours organizing public urban space in a way that avoids conflicts. The streets are safer, more active and more dynamic with the increase in cyclists circulation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14887\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Protection of the environment<\/strong><br \/>\nBy favouring the alteration from car to bicycle, it influences the mitigation of air and sound pollution.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Equidade_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14885\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Equidade_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Equidade_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Equidade_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Equidade_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Equidade_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Equidade_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Equidade_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Equidade_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Equidade_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Inclusion, equity and accessibility<\/strong><br \/>\nTraffic calming measures assure improvements in the accessibility and travel options for alternative transportation users.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14891\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Safety and comfort<\/strong><br \/>\nVehicle speed reduction enhances pedestrian and cyclist safety.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14911\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_P.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Economic value<\/strong><br \/>\nFavours access to stores and proximity services. However, limited speed areas can be less attractive to drivers of motorized vehicles.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-7\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14884\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Awareness and acceptability<\/strong><br \/>\nThere is evidence that the presence of cyclists promotes bicycle use. Therefore, the inclusion of traffic calming measures can influence more sceptical groups to cycle more frequently.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-144 from cache -->\n<p><strong>Legend:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-96\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-96\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15038\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Very positive<\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15040\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Positive<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15041\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-6\">Neutral<\/td><td class=\"column-7\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15043\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-8\">Negative<\/td><td class=\"column-9\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15044\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-10\">Very negative<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-96 from cache -->\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.\u00a0Barriers<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-146\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-146\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Legais_BM-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15089\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Legal<\/strong><br \/>\nCountries where there\u2019s no legal framing  and guidance on this kind of measures may encounter legal barriers.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Financeiras_BM-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15091\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Finance<\/strong><br \/>\nLimited speed zones can be implemented at low cost, especially when compared to the construction of mew road infrastructure or public transportation. However, the more complex the materials and design, the higher the cost will  be.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Governa\u00e7\u00e3o_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15094\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Governance<\/strong><br \/>\nTraffic calming measure can generally be implemented by a single department of a single authority.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Pol\u00edticas_BM-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15095\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Political acceptability<\/strong><br \/>\nAny perceived reduction in the accessibility can be controversial for both residents and non-residents. However, the continuous spread of traffic calming measures indicates this is a measure that can be resolved. Studies demonstrate that most people that live in areas with traffic calming measures are satisfied.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/P\u00fablicas_BM-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15097\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Public acceptability<\/strong><br \/>\nThe acceptance by the local community and the cooperation with relevant institutions are fundamental to the viability of the measure. Aesthetic and precise location are frequently important factors to public acceptance.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/T\u00e9cnicas_BM-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15100\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Technical feasibility<\/strong><br \/>\nSeveral traffic calming measures demand specific technical knowledge.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-146 from cache -->\n<p><strong>Legend:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-95\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-95\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15038\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">No barrier<\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15065\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Barreiras-m\u00ednimas.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Minimum barrier<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15043\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-6\">Moderate barrier<\/td><td class=\"column-7\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15044\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-8\">Significant barrier<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-95 from cache -->\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.\u00a0Budget<\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"720\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"137\"><strong>Area<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"198\"><strong>Measure<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>Unit<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"111\"><strong>Cost<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"124\"><strong>Implementation year<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"137\">Seixal, Lisbon Metropolitan Area (Portugal)<\/td>\n<td width=\"198\">Acquisition of speed control traffic lights<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\">2<\/td>\n<td width=\"111\">14 225,00 \u20ac<\/td>\n<td width=\"124\">2018<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane fade \" id=\"tab-lrb2dq\"><p>\n<p><strong>Case study 1: 20 mph zones in Edinburgh (Scotland)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-7788 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M6_Edimburgo-1024x574.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M6_Edimburgo-1024x574.png 1024w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M6_Edimburgo-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M6_Edimburgo-768x431.png 768w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/M6_Edimburgo.png 1063w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In its 2000 local transportation strategy, the city of Edinburgh set itself to reach the national goal of a 40% reduction in the number of dead or severely injured in traffic accidents. The city used traffic calming, mainly implementing self-enforcing 20 mph zones (through the use of speed humps).<\/p>\n<p><em>Impact:<\/em><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-145\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-145\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Efici\u00eancia-no-sistema-de-mobilidade_N-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14882\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Mobility system efficiency<\/strong><br \/>\nNo data.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14888\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Ruas-com-vida_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Livable streets<\/strong><br \/>\n78% of residents supported the idea before and after its implementation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental-1-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15121\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental-1-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental-1-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental-1-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental-1-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental-1-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental-1-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Prote\u00e7\u00e3o-ambiental-1.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Protection of the environment<\/strong><br \/>\nNo data.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Equidade_N-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14885\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Inclusion, equity and accessibility<\/strong><br \/>\nNo data.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14891\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Seguran\u00e7a-e-conforto_MP.png 591w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Safety and comfort<\/strong><br \/>\nData based on the three years prior and later and on the 112 traffic calming schemes implemented shows:<br \/>\n<br \/>\n\u2022\tA 36,6% reduction in collisions with injuries in residential areas.<br \/>\n<br \/>\n\u2022\tA 35,9% reduction in collisions with injuries near schools.<br \/>\n<br \/>\n\u2022\tA 42% reduction in collisions with injuries in residential areas.<br \/>\n<br \/>\n\u2022\tA faster reduction than in the remaining Scotland cities during the same time period.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Valor-econ\u00f3mico_N-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14911\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Economic value<\/strong><br \/>\nNo data.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-7\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o-e-redu\u00e7\u00e3o-de-barreiras_N-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-14884\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><strong>Awareness and acceptability<\/strong><br \/>\nNo data.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-145 from cache -->\n<p><strong>Legend:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-96-no-2\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-96\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15038\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MP.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Very positive<\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15040\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_P.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Positive<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15041\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_N.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-6\">Neutral<\/td><td class=\"column-7\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15043\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_Ng.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-8\">Negative<\/td><td class=\"column-9\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-100x100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-15044\" srcset=\"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-230x230.png 230w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-24x24.png 24w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-48x48.png 48w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-96x96.png 96w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Escala_MN.png 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/td><td class=\"column-10\">Very negative<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-96-no-2 from cache -->\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane fade \" id=\"tab-oe1pzp\"><p>\n<p>IMPIC. Base: <em>Contratos p\u00fablicos online<\/em>. Accessed 7 July 2019. Available at: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.base.gov.pt\/Base\/pt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.base.gov.pt\/Base\/pt<\/a><\/p>\n<p>IMTT (2011). Princ\u00edpios de Planeamento e Desenho. <em>Colec\u00e7\u00e3o de Brochuras T\u00e9cnicas \/ Tem\u00e1ticas Rede Cicl\u00e1vel. <\/em>Accessed 3 July 2019. Available at: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.imt-ip.pt\/sites\/IMTT\/Portugues\/Planeamento\/DocumentosdeReferencia\/PacotedaMobilidade\/Documents\/Pacote%20da%20Mobilidade\/Rede%20Cicl%C3%A1vel_Princ%C3%ADpios%20de%20Planeamento%20e%20Desenho_Mar%C3%A7o%202011.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.imt-ip.pt\/sites\/IMTT\/Portugues\/Planeamento\/DocumentosdeReferencia\/PacotedaMobilidade\/Documents\/Pacote%20da%20Mobilidade\/Rede%20Cicl%C3%A1vel_Princ%C3%ADpios%20de%20Planeamento%20e%20Desenho_Mar%C3%A7o%202011.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>KonSULT. Knowledgebase on Sustainable Urban Land use and Transport. (2014). <em>Traffic Calming Measures<\/em>. Accessed 6 February 2019. Available at: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.konsult.leeds.ac.uk\/pg\/13\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.konsult.leeds.ac.uk\/pg\/13\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Nunes da Silva, F., &amp; Lajas Cust\u00f3dio, R. (2013). Zonas 30 \u2013 seguran\u00e7a rodovi\u00e1ria, vida e vitalidade para os bairros da cidade de lisboa. <em>7o Congresso Rodovi\u00e1rio Portugu\u00eas<\/em> (pp. 1\u201311).<\/p>\n<p>InIR. Instituto de Infraestruturas Rodovi\u00e1rias. (2011). <em>Medidas de Acalmia de Tr\u00e1fego (Vol.1) \u2013 Medidas Individuais Aplicadas em Atravessamentos de Localidades, Disposi\u00e7\u00f5es Normativas.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Pereira, P. C. (2014). <em>Devolver as Cidades \u00e0s Pessoas<\/em>. Accessed 6 February 2019. Available at: <a href=\"http:\/\/transportesemrevista.com\/Default.aspx?tabid=210&amp;language=pt-PT&amp;id=40088\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/transportesemrevista.com\/Default.aspx?tabid=210&amp;language=pt-PT&amp;id=40088<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Pereira, J. (2013). <em>Medidas de acalmia de tr\u00e1fego em \u00e1reas urbanas consolidadas: Um caso no concelho do Seixal<\/em>. Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Sociais e Humanas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa e Universidade Atl\u00e2ntica.<\/p>\n<p>Department for Transportation (2005) <em>Home Zones: Challenging the Future of Our Streets<\/em>, London DfT.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div> <\/div><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":415,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"pgc_sgb_lightbox_settings":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7288","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7288","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7288"}],"version-history":[{"count":71,"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7288\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55618,"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7288\/revisions\/55618"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/415"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/boost.up.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7288"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}